The Insider Secrets of Inherit the Wind Essay Topics

The Insider Secrets of Inherit the Wind Essay Topics As a consequence the town becomes an important character to the story. He tells a story that's a lot more than just'a very simple crime yarn'. Possibly the ideal example of intolerance within this play is Matthew Brady. Slowly the townspeople begin to see through Brady and begin to observe the true Drummond. That's the function of religious belief. This has been shown to be an extremely powerful and speedy approach to aid with a writing assignment and find the business done properly. D is correct and a great thesis statement. however, it lacks interest. Otherwise, there wouldn't be any rule of law. He can only allow abortion in the event of rape or in case of sexual injustice. Stating it is inadequate would give the Girl's family an awful image. Therefore, many students and employees decide to acquire inexpensive essay rather than writing it themselves. It's an excellent book, but it's only one book. RACHEL But we don't live at the peak of the world. What's ideal for you depends on how long you've got to study and how comfortable you're with the subject issue. And this isn't the close of the story yet. It is possible to stay up here if you desire. If it doesn't, you may as well eliminate it. CATES It isn't as easy as that. And don't forget, too cheap doesn't necessarily mean good! The earplug utilized for reducing noise, are referred to as sound plugs. In a couple of circumstances, a physical water tank could possibly be demanded in place of money. The primary purpose of using earplugs is to safeguard ears from a noisy atmosphere. The military personnel and hunters utilize these kinds of earplugs to safeguard their ears from loud sound. Inherit the Wind Essay Topics - the Conspiracy The consequence of the trial plays an essential part in the change of Hillsboro's attitude. It's in this manner that the authors allow eac h side of the case to talk their minds freely. The authors used the dilemma of evolution for a metaphor for control over a person's thoughts or beliefs. In summary, there are several distinctive themes of this play, but there's only one to be selected. Without science, we'd still be using horses to go around. It is a significant setting for the big theme, because those individuals are unwilling to accept new beliefs due to the fact that they have been taught only one. They can be found in an assortment of designs and styles and can be used based on the purpose. Because the folks are so alike, they have the ability to blend into one character that represents them all. Human beings possess the capacity of thought, to be able to better themselves as an individual, or a society. In a society with various opinions and viewpoints, it's very critical for everybody to have tolerance of one another, and each other's ideas and beliefs. He is a prime case of a person who protects their very own beliefs and endures negativity from others as a way to earn a point. In your discussion, think about the concept of hubris. The 5-Minute Rule for Inherit the Wind Essay Topics Each devotion ends with a ChallengePoint that demands an action, along with something to consider about all day long. The beneficial life of the majority of artificial Christmas trees is about a decade. Damaged lights on a prelit tree are likely the most frequent issue with artificial Christmas trees. Much of the remainder of the cast appears similarly uninvested in the proceedings. And all this magic is made naturally by the breeze. They can't come empty handed. Eventually, needless to say, every tree has to be replaced with a new one. She carries a little composition-paper suitcase. The multidisciplinary perspective presented within this book is essential for readers to have the ability to weigh the benefits and disadvantages of potential energy policies. Not to mention you must learn about the safety regulations that have to be followed from the manual. They have sites that offer direct contacts between writers and customers and permit them to discuss details and get the very best result. In this piece, we will discuss several of the most usual problems which you might encounter. Citations and extracts from several sources have to be formatted properly. It's an accurate and thorough reference you will reach for again and again. I discovered that the authors weren't biased whatsoever. Please remember to cite your sources.

The Citizen Architect Is Not Driven By The Financial Gain...

Cesal argues that the citizen architect should be concerned with their role within the community and how to better serve the people that comprise it. A true citizen architect is not driven by the financial gain of the projects themselves or the social status attributed to them. Instead the architect should re-evaluate their role as a true servant of the public and implement that sense of purpose to drive their craft rather than just the desire for social status. Cesal desires for architects to go beyond their professional title and actively seek out ways to better their environment by bridging the gap between architects and their communities. He is asking architects to take responsibility in their communities and not merely pass the problems on to other public servants. There is a need for architects and politics to coexist to on equal grounds within projects to ultimately decipher what is best for the communal area. Cesal argues that with these complications skyrocketing within the past years and consistently increasing, architects should have considered this an issue long ago. Although we cannot turn back the clock, we are able to control what happens today and the day that are to come. One of the most important pieces of insight that Cesal exposes to his audience is that architects need to embrace this notion in all matters of their professional life to truly reap the societal benefits from it. Only then can we begin to deconstruct and revaluate the role ofShow MoreRelatedSocial Policy, Social Welfare, and the Welfare State11346 Words   |  46 Pages1 Social policy, social welfare, and the welfare state John Baldock    Contents ââ€"   ââ€"   ââ€"   Introduction Learning outcomes Social policy Deï ¬ ning social policy in terms of types of expenditure Analysing social policy Social policy as intentions and objectives Redistribution The management of risk Social inclusion Social policy as administrative and ï ¬ nancial arrangements Social policy as social administration Social policy as public ï ¬ nance Social policy as outcomes Social welfare The welfare state Deï ¬ ningRead MoreInternship Report on Bank Asia Ltd12762 Words   |  52 Pagesinternational organizations have also identified that underdeveloped banking system causes some obstacles to the process of economic development. So they have highly recommended for reforming financial sector. 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With Possible Conjecture of Epistemology and Ontology

Question: Discuss With Possible Conjecture of Epistemology and Ontology ? Answer: Introduction The following assignment throws light upon the article Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research by Paul V Dunmore. In this research article, the author gives his viewpoint towards possible merits and demerits of positive accounting theory in the context of modern era. In this article, the author also talks about the usage of positive accounting theory and a accounting research program instead of normal accounting approach of PAT (Profit after Tax). This has been done with possible conjecture of epistemology and ontology. However,. The author also throughs light on several limitations of positive accounting theory based on the foundation of several theoretical frameworks. Summary of the given article Robson McCartan (2016) opine that the concept of positive accounting theory is derived based on scientific research analysis. The given article also summarizes the positive impact and effect of positive accounting in the world of accounting. This concept also highlights the relationship of two variables and correlation between the given variables. Wilkinson Durden (2015) opines that past research articles infers that there is a positive correlation between positive accounting theory and the concept of scientific research analysis. The given article talks about the different classes of the accounting theory and only theoretical induction is not an evident tool in case of accounting theory. Due to this reason, one single observation is not suitable enough in case of any specific theory in case of accounting. Therefore, ranges of observations are required to support a specific accounting theory. In addition to this, the author has developed an idea of accounting research program in or der to evaluate about the existence of PAT in the current system of accounting. The given research program will main to develop the process of human interactions with the help of effective explanations of the concept of PAT in accounting. In addition to this, it can be inferred that while doing statistical hypothesis testing, it has been found that Poppers falsification criterion can be considered weaker. Smith (2014) infers that the given positive accounting program can be considered as extremely powerful, however, the given concepts has certain weakness associated with it. However, the theoretical background of this program is useful; however, the practical implication of the program is not at all powerful. These drawbacks can be summarized with the help of the following points:- Lack of appropriate hypothesis testing Lack of parameters while evaluating numerical interest Insufficient replica of the past theories Only qualitative data is being used rather than statistical testing of data. In addition to this, it can be deduced that positive accounting theory may not help to attain scientific objectives. Due to this reason, it can be the concept of normal science described in Kohn can be considered as perfect for fitting the concept of positive theory of accounting. This is done through through Kuhnian crisis and revolution. In addition to this, various reasons behind conducting of statistical hypothesis have been revived by Popper. It has been observed that 5% of any given statistical test is considered to be rejected at 5% confidence level. The article explains and evaluates proper concepts of ontology and epistemology with proper justification of testing of different hypothesis. The article summarizes different forms of qualitative aspects of accounting and completely ignores the quantitative part. Finally, the article recognizes the need of advanced theoretical accounting models to reduce the total amount of vulnerability in the process of research. Apart from this , the given research article also helps to analyse the process of positive research and how it can be utilized in the field of accounting. Research Questions The article can be evaluated with the help of several research questions based on the importance of positive accounting theory and the program related to it. The given research questions are as follows:- To analyse the exact loopholes of positive accounting theory related to scientific research To evaluate whether positive research programme can be evaluated as an effective alternative of PAT To investigate different aspects of ontology and its impact on the given positive research accounting programme. However, in accordance to the given research questions some possible research hypothesis have also been considered based on this given article. These are as follows:- H0- Universal existence, which is way beyond the imagination power of individuals The alternative hypotheses are as follows:- H1- Every event takes place because of a reason in this universe H2- Every event, which is happening, can be taken into consideration by means of observations. The entire three hypotheses can be analysed with the help of concepts of positive research accounting. For example, in case of first hypothesis, it can be inferred that group interaction can be implied through various concepts of accounting. By means of this, the first hypothesis can be tested. On the other hand, the second hypothesis can be tested through concepts of ontology and epistemology. In addition to this, the third hypothesis can be testing through falsification. This can be done with the help of proper observation of all the theories of the research. These hypothesis and research questions have been evaluated based on the given research article. Theoretical Framework The given and the concept of positive accounting theory can be further evaluated with the help of an effective theoretical framework. Effective usage of the accounting research program discussed in the given article As per the given article, it can be inferred that there is a huge demand for the given positive accounting theoretical program. There are wide reasons behind it. It has been inferred that in case of hypothesis testing, different vulnerable variables can be noticed. Due to this reason, there is a huge need of stringed hypothesis testing. This can be further done with the help of the given accounting research program (Guthrie Parker, 2016). Concepts of ontology and epistemology The concepts ontology and epistemology plays a key role in the field of accounting. The former concept opines the behaviour of the variables in accordance to the question, while the later concept infers about new areas of areas of research (Gaffikin Aitken, 2014).. Both these concepts also explain the need for the two in accounting and it also highlights the limitations of positive accounting theory. Positive research accounting theory The concept of positive research accounting theory is based on several assumptions. However, the term positive research can be considered to be broad with respect to positive accounting theory. It also assumed wide wings of social science related to various forms of accounting observations. In addition to this, the theoretical framework of the article explains of Popperian criterion, qualitative research in research practices of Popper, strengths and weakness of statistical data as well as qualitative approach. Based upon the theoretical framework, the strengths and weakness of the article can be evaluated (Jones Aiken, 2015) Significance and Limitations of the article The article helped in understanding the accounting theories from a wider perspective. This ensures that casual relation with respect to humans is covered in the theories (Jones Aiken, 2015). Different types of intellectual research have been taken care of by the article. Apart from these, the aspect that has been shed light on includes the cause and relationship of the humans and their relation with accounting theory. The understanding of the positive accounting programs have been analyzed in the article successfully. This enhances the scientific research and the base of understanding based on the rational research methods. The research article can also be considered significant as it helps to analyze certain factors of accounting related to human psychology. This has been done with the help of the theories of ontology and epistemology. It also develops a systematic procedure of accounting information with establishment of normal science theory by Kohn. The article also throws light on estimation of research parameters, however, it failed to highlight the manner while doing so. However, on the contrary it might be said that the human awareness of the accounting theory programs have not been included in the article. The loophole further includes no data collection procedure from the humans. In addition to this, there is no link to the primary method or secondary method of data collection. The article must have supported the accounting theory with relevant models. The conclusion that has been mentioned in the article lacks the feasibility due to unavailability of quantitative data. Finally, the article is based on the viewpoint of the author, as it is reflective in nature. Hence, in few aspects the conclusion might be questioned as it is the perception derived from only secondary materials. However, this article is important while looking after the positive accounting theory. Conclusion It can concluded the article has been important whole analyzing different aspects of positive accounting theory. On the contrary as mentioned above, it lacked few rational idea. However, it is crucial that accounting theory must be based on rational and scientific research. The deep indulgence of epistemological approach in the theory is not only framed hypothesis serves as one of the base for positive accounting theory. This should be ensured through collection of data. References Dyckman, T. R., Zeff, S. A., (2015). Accounting Research: Past, Present, Future.Abacus,51(4), pp.511-524. Gaffikin, M., Aitken, M., (2014).The Development of Accounting Theory (RLE Accounting): Significant Contributors to Accounting Thought in the 20th Century. Routledge. Guthrie, J., Parker, L. D., (2016). Whither the accounting profession, accountants accounting researchers? Commentary projections.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,29(1), pp.2-10. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K., Howieson, B., (2015).Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Jones, S. (Ed.)., 2015.The routledge companion to financial accounting theory. Routledge. Jones, S., Aiken, M., (2015). Evolution of early practice descriptive theory in accounting.The Routledge Companion to Financial Accounting Theory, p.91. Miller, P. Power, M., (2013). Accounting, organizing, economizing: Connecting accounting research organization theory. Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), pp.557-605. Robson, C. McCartan, K., (2016. )Real world research. John Wiley Sons. Rogers, J.L. Van Buskirk, A., (2013). Bundled forecasts in empirical accounting research. Journal of Accounting Economics, 55(1), pp.43-65. Smith, M., (2014). Research methods in accounting. Sage. Tucker, B.P., Parker, L.D. Merchant, K.A., 2016. With a little help from our friends: An empirical investigation of co-authoring in accounting research. The British Accounting Review, 48(2), pp.185-205. Wilkinson, B.R. Durden, C.H., 2015. Inducing structural change in academic accounting research. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 26, pp.23-36.

Main composers characteristics Essay Example

Main composers characteristics Paper The sounds of a galloping horse, the steady reassuring tones of the father, sweet enticements of he Elf King, the increasingly frantic cries of the boy, are all left to the machinations of the composer. Schubert had a distinctive talent for creating music that depicted both the spirit and nuance of the text; the voice and the piano expressed every shade and color of the poem. Schubert Earl ¶nigh is termed a through-composed art song. Schubert also created the song cycle?a well-thought-out group of individual songs that together tell a story, similar to a concept album. Alliterated is a German word indicating an informal evening gathering during which Lieder (art songs) are reformed. Schubert held Cafeterias a social gathering for music and poetry and Lieder that featured the songs and piano music of Franz Schubert. Robert Schumann (1810-1856) was a German composer. He was something of a streak composer and wrote music for solo piano almost exclusively. Inspired by his marriage to Clara, he composed almost nothing but art songs, most of them about love. His wife, Clara one of the great piano virtuosos of the nineteenth century, was also a gifted composer. Works I listened to such as miniatures Kindergartens (Scenes from Childhood), Album or die Eugene (Album for the Young), are suitable to be played on piano by children or beginners. BluntestKC, (Flower Piece) is a series of short, connected and melodic sequences of which the theme and variations forms a recurring refrain while undergoing changes in both key and mood. Sonata NON Albertan (Album Leaves) for piano, Pop. 124: No. 6 Highhandedly and Du Ring an mine Finger Fraudulence undo Label 4/8 pop. 42 Schumann (Lied) are among his most famous. We will write a custom essay sample on Main composers characteristics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Main composers characteristics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Main composers characteristics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Schumann had been afflicted with bipolar disorder. By his own request, he was confined to an asylum where he died of dementia in 1856. Franz List (1811-1886) Franz List was not merely a composer and pianist?he was a sensation, perhaps the most colorful artistic composer of the nineteenth century. His father, who worked at the court of Count Shysters, gave him his first music lessons when he was six years old. List gave more than a thousand concerts, from Ireland to Turkey, from Sweden played at the keyboard with a lighted cigar between his fingers. Lists concerts in the asses became our modern-day piano recital. The majority of Lists piano compositions reflect his advanced virtuosity. He was a productive composer, and rote works at several levels of difficulty, some being manageable for intermediate and even beginner level pianists. Abscessed (Farewell) is a beautiful short piece based on an old Russian folk song and Engages Grid are examples of this less virtuosic style and are the two cases of Legalization I participated in. List hobnobbed with composers FRR ©d ©rice Chopin, Hector Burlier, Robert Schumann, and his daughter married Richard Wagner. His most famous achievement was the creation of what would become known as the symphonic poem, a kind of orchestral musical piece that calls to mind a poem, a story, or a painting. He observed that a program provided a means by which to protect the listener against a wrong poetical interpretation and to direct his attention to the poetical idea of the whole. In 1860, one of Lists rivals, Johannes Brahms, co-published a statement against him and other modern composers. By his death, he had written more than 700 compositions. FRR ©d ©rice Chopin (1810-1849) Chopin is considered Pollards greatest composer, although Chopin spent the rest of his life mainly in France, he became a voice for Polish musical nationalism. In Paris, Chopin found his delicate style didnt always charm he larger concert audiences, who had been exposed to the works of Franz Schubert and Ludwig Van Beethoven. FRR ©d ©rice Chopin concentrated his efforts on piano composition and was a solid influence on composers who admired him. Chopin was physically slight and somewhat sickly. He was also introverted and hated performing in public. Chopin was a piano virtuoso and a composer, but he never let the physical challenges of the piano surpass his basic musical ideas. Chopin was a rarity among Romantic composers?he wrote only works for solo piano or ensemble pieces in which the dream-like nocturnes embodied the spirit of musical Romanticism. He formed a friendship with Franz List and Chopin received the first key endorsement from an exceptional contemporary when Robert Schumann, reviewing Chopping Pop. 2 Variations in the Alignment musicales Getting (his first published article on music), declared: Hats off, gentlemen! A genius.. Chopping innovations in style, musical form, and harmony, and his association of music with nationalism were influential throughout and after the late Romantic period. Johannes Brahms (1833-1897) Born in Hamburg, Germany, on May 7, 1833, Brahms as the great master of symphonic and sonata style in the second half of the 19th century. He can be viewed as the hero of the Classical tradition of Joseph Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. During this term, I listened to the German Requiem (Nine Deutsche Requiem), Abrahams Lullaby and Brahmas Violin Concerto in D major. The music of Brahms unfolds as patterns of pure, abstract sound within the stiff limits of traditional forms. While Brahms could write lovely romantic melodies, he was, in fact, a developer in the tradition of Bach and Beethoven. Brahms employed the art of laying double stops, a technique in which a violinist holds or stops two and never wrote an opera, nor did he ever write in the characteristic 19th century form of the tone poem. He strongly believed in absolute music, music that does not rely upon a concrete scene or narrative as the tone poem does. It is instrumental music free of text or any pre-existing program. His works were labeled old-fashioned by the New German School whose principal figures included F. List and Wagner. Brahms admired some of Wagers music and admired List as a great pianist, but in 1860, he attempted to organize a public protest against some of the wilder excesses of their music. Although Brahms may often be regarded as one of the last defenders of the Romantic Period, he was a supporter of form and logic within his works in contrast to the opulence and excesses of many of his contemporaries. Hector Burlier (1803-1869) Hector Burlier was one of the most original figures in the history of music. He was born in 1803 near the mountain city of Greenbelt, France. He had no regular training in music theory or composition and little exposure to the music of the great masters. In his mind, there was always a connection between music and the written word. Burlier rarely used such standard forms as sonata-allegro or theme and variations. Instead, he preferred to create forms that flowed from the particular narrative of the story at hand. Burlier created the first program symphony a symphony with the usual three, four, or five movements in which the individual movements together tell a tale or depict a succession of particular events or scenes. This term I listened to Symphonies Fantasies, Pop. 14 Songs Dune Unit Du Sabbath and found wild swings of mood expressed in the music. Burlier called for enormous performing forces. He added new instruments to the orchestra and called for traditional instruments to be played in non-traditional ways. Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) and Ballet Music The tone poems which were a one-movement work for orchestra captured the emotions and events of a story through the soaring music of Peter Tchaikovsky. He excelled in an artistic genre that others did not: ballet. In his early years, Tchaikovsky entered the Moscow Conservatory in his native Russia. Tchaikovsky realized that the ballet required Just the compositional skills that he possessed. His genius was to create one resting melody and mood after another?to fashion one vivid scene and then move on to the next. Tchaikovsky short-segment style proved perfect for the ballet. Now, the terms Russian and ballerina seem inseparably interconnected. Tchaikovsky gift was not in the development of thematic material but in the invention of striking melodies. Peter Tchaikovsky is known today primarily for his tone poems, such as Romeo and Juliet and The 1812 Overture, and ballets, such as Swan Lake and The Nutcracker, which I enjoyed watching in their full length on Youth. From the Baroque to the early Romantic age, opera was typically neatly divided into reiterative (plain speech or recitative, which advanced the story) and songs (which paused the story to highlight key elements). In the mid/late Romantic age, opera tended to embrace continuous narrative, in which the story unfolds constantly throughout both speech, recitative and songs. The distinction between recitative and songs was often blurred, as recitative became more lyrical, and songs came to lack principal styles of opera -P Italian and German. Italian opera was to a great extent a vehicle of good melodies and exciting tunes with less emphasis on drama, while German operas were more concerned with drama and perhaps less so with memorable tunes. Two of the most prominent composers from this period are Verdi in Italy and Wagner in Germany. Italy Italian opera experienced a dramatic shift in tone throughout the Romantic period. The early Romantic was dominated by lively comic opera, the mid/late Romantic by starkly serious opera. Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) twenty-six operas, La Scalar Opera House in Milan, Nabisco launched Verses career in Europe. He worked for the overthrow of the Austrian government, which then ruled most of Italy. By coincidence, the name Verdi (Green in Italian). La Trivia (1853) The Woman Gone Astray, Aid (1871. Verdi replaces simple recitative, accompanied only by basso continuo, with orchestral accompanied recitative accompanist (recitative accompanied by the orchestra instead of merely the harpsichord; the opposite of simple recitative) . He is a composer squarely in the tradition of Italian bell canto opera, he pays attention to the solo voice and on a lyrical, beautiful vocal line. In 1861, Verdi wrote the stunning La Forgo del Destine commissioned by the Imperial Theatre in SST. Petersburg, Russia. The music of the overture begins with the famous Fate Motif, an ominous three E notes in unison in the brass. His grand-opera Aid premiered in Cairo as part of the celebrations of the opening of the Suez Canal and became an instant success. I saw the opera Aid with my Mother when I was a young girl at what was then the Pacific Coliseum. Aid is a drama on a religious theme, full of processions, prayers, a baptism and naturally, a crusade. I remember seeing live elephants and horses which performed on the giant Egyptian themed stage. Giuseppe Verdi wrote opera for popular appeal, full of excellent, melodic arias and choruses which are still popular today and performed regularly throughout the world a hundred years after is death. Germany In the Romantic period, serious German opera finally attained prominence equal to its Italian and French counterparts. Romantic German opera typically featured supernatural characters and plots drawn from Germanic mythology; in some cases, ordinary humans are drawn into supernatural matters. Richard Wagner (1813-1883) The Romantic imagination chose to model itself on the Middle Ages. The tantalizing discovery of ancient German literature went hand in hand with the growth functional tradition of German opera, one led by Richard Wagner. Wagner could barely play the IANA, let alone any instrument, and was an indifferent score reader. However, he composed heroic themes and powerful orchestral climaxes. The compositions I listened to were Tristan undo Soled {Lifebelts} (1865), and Deer Ring des Unbelieving (The Ring of the Unbelieving) a set of four operas. The Ring cycle together tells the tale vociferating legend. Wagner created his Ring by adapting the myths from Iceland and Germany. Wagers music drama differs from predictable Italian opera in many ways. Aria, recitative, duet, would no longer bring the dramatic action to a halt in order to spotlight the vocal flourishes of a soloist. Instead, he wrote a seamless flow of identical solo singing and recitative, what is called endless melody. With Wagner, the orchestra is everything. The thoughts, both conscious and unconscious, of the main characters are projected through short, suggestive musical motives called a leitmotif (signature tune), a distinctive unit of music designed to represent a character, object, or idea. Wagner removed ensemble singing almost entirely. Wagner banished the melodic aria to the wings. He avoided melodic repetition, symmetry, and regular cadences?all things that can make a tune catchy; his melodies are long-flowing, nonrestrictive, and not particularly song-like. Wagner epitomizes chromatics in 19th century. As the tuneful aria decreased in quality, the role of the orchestra increased. A bigger orchestra demanded, in turn, more forceful singers. To be heard above an orchestra of nearly a hundred players, large, specially trained voices were needed: the so-called Wagnerian tenor and Wagnerian soprano. Wagner asked why anyone after Beethoven bothered to write symphonies at all. Wagner solicited the money to build his own opera house at Bayreuth, Germany. Here the first Bayreuth Festival took place. During the second half of the nineteenth century, a contrasting type of opera developed in Europe, one more in tune with the social truths of the day called realistic opera. Georges Baizes Carmen (1875) Baizes realistic opera Carmen is full of alluring melodies including the well-known and beloved Hibernia. The Hibernia, which introduces the character Carmen, makes use of a then-popular Spanish song. Hibernia means the thing from Havana. Careens rich melody, and finally her soaring voice on the word L amour (Love) as the chorus accompanies is instantly recognizable and incredibly virtuosic. In shaping these melodies, Baize borrowed phrases from various Spanish popular songs, folk songs, and flamenco tunes which were folk songs of southern Spain infused with gypsy elements. In France, Baize was a most prominent composer, and two of his operas remain in the repertoire to this day. Carmen is a story of tragic love and has many famous arias, including the Flower song, the Toreadors song and the Hibernia. Listening to the mezzo soprano voice accompanied by piano and a mixed-voice choir, I hear the use of rubout to emphasis the importance of the text at the end of the excerpt. Giaconda Puccini La bob ©me 1896) Giaconda Puccini (1858-1924) Italian realistic opera goes by its own distinct name, version opera. Version is Italian for realism. Puccini most famous of all version operas?is La bob ©me or Bohemian Life. A bohemian is somebody, often a writer or an artist, who does not live according to the conventions of society. La bob ©me is well known for its glorious arias and duets, above all the You Tube video of Lucian Protractor sings Chew gelid mania. I hear the gradual path of his voice moving from low to high, speech to song, over the course fever more passionate and increasingly beautiful romantic work. The aria typically starts syllabicate as if the character is beginning a conversation. As the speakers ardor grows, the voice gains passion and becomes grander, with the strings doubling the melody to add warmth Parisian life, including the hustle and bustle of Christmas Eve in the street outside the Cafe © Moms and dawn on a winter day on the outskirts of the city. The Late Romantic Symphony and Concerto The late Romantics wallowed happily in symphonies with more than four movements, symphonies of enormous length, and symphonies with voices, organs and other instruments usually inessential to the symphony orchestra. The orchestra itself so far exceeded the modest of Classical proportions that it certainly altered the symphonic form. Throughout the Romantic era, composers continued to produce these large- scale orchestral statements, and persisted in calling them symphonies. For a while, the late-Romantic symphony seemed a traditional impulse a clinging to the warm colors and tonal comforts of a large orchestra in the face of a sharp modernist sensibility. Notable composers of symphonies and concertos in the late-Romantic period include Peter Tchaikovsky, Antonio Devoid and Gustavo Mailer. Kindergà ¤rtners (Songs on the Death of Children) is a song cycle, a sort of concept album for voice and orchestra by Gustavo Mailer. The works are written in Mailers late-romantic style, and conveys a mixture of feelings: anguish, fantasy resuscitation of the children, resignation. The final song ends in a major key and a mood of transcendence. Throughout the nineteenth century, the symphonic movements got progressively longer, and so composers wrote fewer symphonies. Schumann and Brahms composed only four; Mendelssohn, five; Tchaikovsky, six; and Devoid, Burner, and Mailer, nine each. No one approached the 40-odd symphonies of Mozart, to say nothing of the 106 of Haydn. A Classical concerto may last twenty minutes, a Romantic one forty. Modest Mussorgsky (1839-1881) Russia was one of the first countries to develop its own national style of art music, one that was distinct and separate from the traditions of German orchestral music and the operatic styles of Italy and Germany. A nationalist spirit was passed too group of five young composers (Brooding, Cut, Balkier, Rims-Karaoke, and Mussorgsky) centered in SST. Petersburg, whose aim it was to write purely Russian music free of European influence. Modest Mussorgsky composed a boldly inventive tone poem, Night on Bald Mountain (1867, used prominently in Walt Disneys Fantasia), and an imaginative set of miniatures (character pieces) called Pictures at an Exhibition (1874). Pictures at an Exhibition give listeners the impression of enjoying a leisurely stroll into and through an art gallery, moving from one image to the next. To provide harmony within the structure of these musical pictures, the Mussorgsky thought of combining a regular interlude, which he called Promenade. With the Promenade, we enter not any gallery, UT one filled with purely Russian art. The tempo is marked Fast but resolute, in the Russian manner. The meter continually shifts?a characteristic of folk music. The meter is irregular, as infill dance, with alternating five- and six-beat measures, and the melody is built on a pentatonic scale , which uses only five notes instead of the usual seven notes. Pictures at an Exhibition is now best known in the orchestrated version by Maurice Ravel (1875-1937), completed in 1922. Perhaps by coincidence, the first attempts at making color motion pictures occurred about this same time. Ravels version greatly developed the impact of the music by replacing the black- and-white sounds of the piano with the blooming color of the full late-Romantic A violent social disruption that shook Europe was the outbreak of World War l. The strongest challenge to the authority of the Germans came from their enemies, the French. The earliest indications of modernism were French artists and writers, who abandoned the grandiose subjects and expressions of Romanticism. Impressionist artists wished to capture on canvas the freshness of their first impressions and were assonated with the continuous change in the appearance of their subjects through varied treatment of light and color. French composers began to ridicule the sentimentality of Romanticism and the lavish structures of German music which was said to be too pretentious and preposterous. This new music was given the name Impressionism. Claude Debussy (1862-1918) Debussy spent most of his time in the company of poets and painters. Pr ©elude leap ©s-midi dun fauna (Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun), and the symphonic poem La mere (The Sea, 1905), were the works I studied this term. The composer believed that music doesnt need to progress and evolve to be pleasing to the listener. To Debussy, color and texture might exist independent of the melody and, perhaps, overshadow it, preferring fleeting splashes of sound color rather than sweeping sinkable melodies or musical development. There are no repeating rhythms or clear-cut meters to push the Debussy music forward; instead of a melody as we know it, I hear a twisting, undulating swirl of sound. Debussy music honors the distinctive colors of instruments, especially woodwinds, to suggest vibrant moods and sensations. From Debussy forward, imposers began to think of color as an independent expressive element, capable of eliciting a strong emotional response. The technological advancements that led to the modern symphony orchestra transformed nineteenth-century music. Our reaction to the orchestra today is very different from the response of nineteenth-century listeners. Apart from the military cannon and the steam engine, the nineteenth-century orchestra produced the loudest sonic level of any human machine. The big sound?and the big contrasts were new and startling, and audiences packed ever-larger concert halls to hear them.